Airbus aircraft offer one of the safest environments with air filtration systems that ensure high levels of cabin air quality for passengers and crew, thanks to a thoroughly designed cabin “Environment Control System” (ECS).
The ECS, which controls and monitors the air quality, temperature and pressure, also ensures that the airflow inside the cabin is constantly moving: it flows from top to bottom at one metre per second. This airflow is optimised to prevent longitudinal movement, so there is no spread between adjacent seat rows.
In addition, during flight the air is constantly entering and leaving the cabin. As fresh air enters the cabin from outside, the same quantity of ‘used’ air from the cabin is expelled overboard via the pressurisation outflow valves, fully renewing the cabin air about every two to three minutes. For comparison, air in hospital rooms and classrooms is exchanged about every 10 minutes and about 20 minutes in offices.
Any recirculated air is first passed through High-Efficiency Particulate Arrestance (HEPA) filters before it is mixed with the fresh air from outside. Overall, the HEPA filters eliminate more than 99.9 percent of particles from recirculated air, ensuring that the mix of fresh and pre-filtered recirculated air is clean and virus-free.
HEPA technology, originally developed for the US military to prevent the spread of airborne radioactive contaminants, has been installed in all Airbus aircraft since 1994. The filters, usually installed close to the centre wingbox in the underfloor area of the cabin, are known for their effectiveness in capturing microscopic airborne particulates covering typical bacteria and viruses.